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GS2 Source: The Hindu

Kerala vs Centre: Labour Codes and Federal Tensions

By Ajit Singh Jasdhol · UPSC Educator · 05 Apr 2026 · 1240 views

Quick Brief — Read in 60 Seconds

State governments can delay implementation citing labour being on the Concurrent List; Centre argues uniform codes aid ease of doing business.

Context

Constitutional framework under Seventh Schedule.

Analysis

Article 256, 257, and judicial precedents.

Previous Year Questions on This Topic

2021 GS2: Discuss cooperative federalism in India.

Practice: Write Your Mains Answer

Discuss the tension between labour as a concurrent subject and one-state non-compliance. (250 words)

Submit your answer for expert review →

Prelims Questions (With Right Answer & Solution)

Q1. Under the Constitution, which Article deals with directions given by the Centre to states?

A. Article 256

B. Article 352

C. Article 356

D. Article 360

Right Answer: A

Solution: Article 256 mandates states to ensure compliance with parliamentary laws and executive directions.

Difficulty: medium · Marks: 2.00 · Negative: 0.67

Q2. Concurrent List matters can be legislated by:

A. Parliament only

B. State only

C. Both Parliament and state legislatures

D. President only

Right Answer: C

Solution: Seventh Schedule Concurrent List allows both tiers to legislate subject to Article 254.

Difficulty: easy · Marks: 2.00 · Negative: 0.67

UPSC Vocabulary from This Article

Concurrent List

Subjects where both Parliament and states may legislate.

FAQs

What is Article 256?

Obligation of states to comply with laws made by Parliament.

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