Ethics · 16 Jul 2026

Kota kidney failure euthanasia case

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer: List I (Item) List II (Fact/Status) A. Passive euthanasia in India 1. Legalised by the Supreme Court's 2018 Common Cause judgment B. Active euthanasia in India 2. Remains illegal under current Indian law C. Transplant eligibility standard cited by NMCH 3. Requires 3 to 6 months of clinical observation D. Right invoked as the basis for the Common Cause judgment 4. Right to a dignified life under Article 21 How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

AOnly one pair
BOnly two pairs
COnly three pairs
DAll four pairs

Tests precise recall and correct pairing of India's layered legal categories (passive vs active euthanasia, constitutional basis, clinical protocol) rather than a generalised understanding of "right to die" - a discrimination skill central to ethics-law application.

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About this question

Why in news

Five women who developed acute kidney failure after C-sections at a Kota government hospital wrote to President Droupadi Murmu demanding an immediate transplant or permission for euthanasia, alleging counterfeit medicines caused the damage.

Why for UPSC

UPSC's 2024 GS4 case study on data ethics in drug trials shows sustained interest in institutional conflict-of-interest scenarios; this match-the-pairs format tests precise recall of India's layered euthanasia legal framework rather than a vague "right to die" generalisation.

Prelims summary

India permits only passive euthanasia (Common Cause, 2018) under Article 21's right to dignified life; active euthanasia remains illegal, while NMCH cites a standard 3-6 month clinical observation period for transplant eligibility.

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