Geography · 18 Jul 2026

Ken-Betwa Link Project

Consider the following statements regarding the Ken-Betwa Link Project:

  1. It is India's first river-interlinking project to reach the implementation stage, with its concept traceable to the 1980 National Perspective Plan.
  2. The project's reservoir, formed by the Daudhan Dam, will submerge core habitat within the Panna Tiger Reserve.
  3. The PESA Act, 1996 mandates gram sabha consultation before land acquisition in Scheduled Areas affected by the project.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A1 only
B2 and 3 only
C1 and 3 only
D1, 2 and 3

Tests the ability to combine three distinct dimensions of a single current event - historical origin, ecological impact and statutory safeguard - into one composite judgement rather than recalling a single fact.

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This question is based on: Ken-Betwa's Water Math Works on Paper. Its Human Math Doesn't.
Take this in full test mode → Instructions for 18 Jul 2026
About this question

Why in news

Congress leaders alleged compensation fraud and gram sabha irregularities affecting tribal villages displaced by the ₹44,605-crore Ken-Betwa project, triggering protests near Kupi village in Chhatarpur.

Why for UPSC

UPSC often layers a scheme's basic facts with the specific legal safeguard (like PESA) governing its implementation, testing whether aspirants connect current infrastructure news to static tribal-rights provisions.

Prelims summary

Ken-Betwa is India's first implemented river-interlinking project (National Perspective Plan, 1980), whose Daudhan Dam reservoir submerges core Panna Tiger Reserve habitat, while PESA, 1996 mandates gram sabha consent for land acquisition in the affected Scheduled Areas.

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