IR · 21 Jul 2026

UNCLOS transit passage Strait of Hormuz

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists. List I (Provision/Body) - List II (Function/Description) A. UNCLOS Article 37 - 1. Bars suspension of transit passage through international straits B. UNCLOS Article 44 - 2. Defines transit passage rights through international straits C. IMO governing council - 3. Formally condemned Iran's PGSA bid to control strait traffic D. Persian Gulf Strait Authority - 4. Requires passage permits and PGSA-approved insurance for Hormuz transit How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

AOnly one pair
BOnly two pairs
COnly three pairs
DAll four pairs

Tests precise recall of which UNCLOS article performs which specific legal function, requiring aspirants to resist the temptation to treat closely numbered provisions as interchangeable.

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This question is based on: When a Legal Right to Passage Meets a Live Warzone
Take this in full test mode → Instructions for 21 Jul 2026
About this question

Why in news

Iran's Persian Gulf Strait Authority continues asserting control over Hormuz transit through permits and insurance requirements even after a June ceasefire MoU, with weekly transits nearly halving as insurers price in war risk.

Why for UPSC

Match-the-pairs questions on adjacent UNCLOS articles test whether aspirants know precise article numbers and functions rather than the general concept of "freedom of navigation," a frequent point of confusion.

Prelims summary

UNCLOS Article 37 defines transit passage through international straits; Article 44 bars its suspension. The IMO condemned Iran's PGSA, which itself requires permits and approved insurance for Hormuz transit.

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