Polity · 26 Jul 2026

state-level Uniform Civil Code Article 44

With reference to recent state-level Uniform Civil Code (UCC) initiatives, consider the following statements:

  1. Article 44 directs the state to secure a Uniform Civil Code for citizens "throughout the territory of India," implying a single central law rather than separate state-level codes.
  2. Justice Ranjana Prakash Desai has headed the UCC drafting committees for Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, producing legally identical codes in each state.
  3. Madhya Pradesh's UCC Bill, passed before Chhattisgarh's committee held its first meeting, included an exemption for Scheduled Tribes.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A1 and 3 only
B2 and 3 only
C1 only
D1, 2 and 3

Tests the analytical distinction between a shared drafting process and genuine legal uniformity - requiring aspirants to reject a plausible-sounding but article-contradicting statement about identical codes.

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This question is based on: Chhattisgarh UCC Panel Holds First Meeting To Draft Bill For Winter Session
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About this question

Why in news

Chhattisgarh's UCC drafting committee, chaired by Justice Ranjana Prakash Desai - who also headed Uttarakhand's and Madhya Pradesh's committees - held its first meeting just three days after Madhya Pradesh passed its own UCC Bill, raising questions about whether state-by-state implementation can still be called "uniform."

Why for UPSC

This tests whether aspirants can move beyond the surface fact (same drafter, three states) to grasp the article's central analytical point - that a shared drafting authority does not guarantee a genuinely uniform legal outcome, a distinction UPSC often rewards in federalism-related questions.

Prelims summary

Article 44 envisions one uniform code "throughout" India, but a common drafter (Justice Desai) across Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh has produced codes with differing state-specific provisions, notably around tribal exemptions - raising a federalism critique of state-level UCC implementation.

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