IR · 17 Aug 2026

India Bangladesh Extradition Treaty

Which one of the following statements about the India-Bangladesh Extradition Treaty is correct?

AIt permits refusal of extradition for any offence classified as political in nature, without exception.
BIt excludes offences such as murder and manslaughter from the "political offence exception," even though extradition may still be declined on other legal grounds.
CIt mandates automatic extradition upon receipt of a request, without any judicial inquiry in the requested state.
DIt was signed in 2016 and has not been amended since.
This question is based on: Why a Clean Extradition Treaty Can't Give Delhi a Clean Answer on Sheikh Hasina
Take this in full test mode → Instructions for 17 Aug 2026
About this question

Why in news

Sheikh Hasina announced plans to return to Dhaka in December during an August 5, 2026 press conference, while Bangladesh presses India for her extradition using a November 2025 International Crimes Tribunal death-sentence conviction, with Indian officials maintaining the matter rests with Indian courts under the 2013 treaty.

Why for UPSC

UPSC often tests the precise legal mechanics of bilateral treaties rather than the diplomatic controversy around them - here, the distinction between a treaty's political-offence carve-out and the separate procedural safeguard of judicial inquiry is the kind of depth-based distinction the exam favours.

Prelims summary

The 2013 India-Bangladesh Extradition Treaty (amended 2016) excludes serious offences like murder from its political-offence exception. The Extradition Act, 1962 requires an Inquiry Magistrate to establish a prima facie case, with the MEA's CPV Division as the nodal office, before extradition can proceed.

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