International Relations · 21 Aug 2026

Paracel Islands Spratly Islands South China Sea

About this question

Why in news

Reuters satellite imagery shows China has completed initial reclamation at Antelope Reef in the Paracel Islands, building a deep-water harbour and possible runway, drawing a formal protest from Vietnam and close attention from Taiwan and the US.

Why for UPSC

South China Sea geography, especially the Paracels-versus-Spratlys distinction and claimant counts, is a recurring UPSC IR/geography theme; this question tests whether aspirants confuse the two archipelagos or their claimant dynamics.

Prelims summary

The Paracels (China-occupied since 1974, disputed only by Vietnam) differ from the Spratlys (contested by multiple claimants). Antelope Reef, in the Paracels, is China's newest artificial island; the nine-dash line is China's broader, separate South China Sea claim.

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